O exercício físico de longa duração previne o catabolismo muscular associado ao cancro

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O exercício físico de longa duração previne o catabolismo muscular associado ao cancro

Quinta, 16.06.2016

Neste estudo avaliou-se o potencial efeito terapêutico do exercício físico de longa duração na modulação das alterações sistémicas associadas ao cancro. Para o efeito utilizou-se um modelo animal de cancro da mama induzido por carcinogénese química submetido a 35 semanas de exercício físico em tapete rolante (o que em humanos corresponde a aproximadamente 25 anos de prática de exercício físico). Os resultados suportam os efeitos benéficos de um estilo de vida ativo para a prevenção do catabolismo muscular associado ao cancro, um efeito que parece decorrer da regulação da via de sinalização TWEAK/NF-kB.

 

Autores e Afiliações:

Ana Isabel Padrão1,2, Ana Cristina Corrêa Figueira2, Ana Isabel Faustino-Rocha3, Adelina Gama3, Maria Margarida Loureiro1, Maria João Neuparth2, Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves2,4, Rui Vitorino1,5, Francisco Amado1, Lúcio Lara Santos6, Paula A. Oliveira3, José Alberto Duarte2, Rita Ferreira1

 

1QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal;

2CIAFEL, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;

3CITAB, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal;

4Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;

5Departament of Medical Sciences and Institute for Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal;

6Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal

 

Abstract:

Aim: Exercise training has been suggested as a non-pharmacological approach to prevent skeletal muscle wasting and improve muscle function in cancer cachexia. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying such beneficial effect. In the present study we aimed to, firstly, examine the contribution of TWEAK signalling to cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting and, secondly, evaluate whether long-term exercise alters TWEAK signalling and prevents muscle wasting.

Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control and exercise groups. Fifteen animals from each group were exposed to N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea carcinogen. Animals in exercise groups were submitted to moderate treadmill exercise for 35 weeks. After the experimental period, animals were euthanized and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested for morphological and biochemical analysis.

Results: We verified that exercise training prevented tumour-induced TWEAK/NF-κB signalling in skeletal muscle with a beneficial impact in fibre cross-sectional area and metabolism. Indeed, 35-weeks of exercise training promoted the up-regulation of PGC-1α and oxidative phosphorylation complexes. This exercise-induced muscle remodelling in tumour-bearing animals was associated with less malignant mammary lesions.

Conclusion: Data supports the benefits of an active lifestyle for the prevention of muscle wasting secondary to breast cancer, highlighting TWEAK/NF-κB signalling as a potential therapeutic target for the preservation of muscle mass.

 

Revista: Acta Physiologica

 

Link: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/apha.12721/abstract